International Institute for Religious Freedom

Christianity in Punjab: History and Challenges

IIRF Reports Vol. 15 – 2026/2
This report examines the historical development and contemporary presence of Christianity in Punjab. It traces the early arrival of Christianity in India and its institutional establishment in Punjab during the nineteenth century. Drawing on contemporary reports and verified sources, the study documents patterns of population growth, social participation, and institutional development among Christian communities in Punjab. It further analyses recent incidents of violence, discrimination, and social exclusion affecting Christians, including disruptions of worship, attacks on clergy, damage to religious property, and challenges related to legal protection. These developments are examined within the framework of India’s constitutional guarantees of religious freedom and secularism. The report aims to provide a balanced and evidence-based understanding of the historical roots, demographic changes, and lived realities of Christianity in Punjab today.